Search Engine Optimization-web Crawlers

The terms web crawler, automatic indexers, bots, worms, web spiders, and web robots are programs or automated scripts with browse the World Wide Web in a methodical, automated manner. The term web crawler is the most commonly used term.

Web crawlers are a tool used for search engine optimization.

Search engines use web crawlers to provide up to date data and information. Web crawlers provide the requested information by creating copies of web pages that the search engine later processes. Once the information has been processed the search engines indexes the pages and are able to quickly download the pages during a search. The process of web crawling is a key factor in search engine optimization. Search engine optimization is the art and science of making web pages attractive to search engines. Computer people call the process of using a web crawler to rank a website spidering.

Some search engines use web crawlers for maintenance tasks. Web crawlers can also be used for harvesting e-mail addresses. The internet is a gaping ocean of information. In 2000, Lawrence and Giles manufactured a study that indicated the internet search engines have only indexed approximately sixteen percent of the Web. Web crawlers are designed to only download a tiny amount of the available pages. A miniscule sample of what the internet has to offer.

Search engines use web crawlers because they can fetch and sort data faster than a human could ever hope to. In an effort to maximize the download speed while decreasing the amount of times a webpage is repeated search engines use parallel web crawlers. Parallel web crawlers require a policy for reassigning new URLs. There are two ways to assign URLs. A dynamic assignment is what happens when a web crawler assigns a new URL dynamically. If there is a fixed rule stated from the beginning of the crawl that defines how to assign new URLs to the crawls it is called static assignment.

In order to operate at peak efficiency web crawlers have to have a highly optimized architecture.

URL nominalization is the process of modifying and standardizing a URL in a consistent manner. URL nomalization is sometimes called URL canonicalzation. Web crawlers usually use URL nomilization to avoid multiple crawling of a source.

In an attempt to attract the attention of web crawlers, and subsequently highly ranked, webmasters are constantly redesigning their websites. Many webmasters rely on key word searches. Web crawlers look for the location of keywords, the amount of keywords, and links.

If you are in the process of creating a website try to avoid frames. Some search engines have web crawlers that can not follow frames. Another thing some search engine are unable to read are pages via CGI or database -delivery, if possible try creating static pages and save the database for updates. Symbols in the URL can also confuse web crawlers. You can have the best website in the world and if a web crawler can't read it probably won't get the recognition and ranking it deserves.
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By: Li Ming Wong

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The Littlest Passengers: Ways To Make Air Travel Easier For You And Your Child

Before You Make Reservations

Before making airline reservations for yourself and a child (or several) there are several important things that you should keep in mind.

The age and size of your child will determine how many seats you may need to reserve as well as the price you will end up paying. It is highly recommended, but not yet required, that all children under the age of 2 sit in an approved restraint (usually your car seat.) See This Thing is an Airplane Seat, Too?
When to fly? If you are flying with only yourself and the children or if you are at all worried about annoying other passengers, consider an off-peak time late in the evening. Your baby will probably sleep anyway, and you may have a lot more room to spread things out in the cabin.
Will there be food? What kind? If you have toddlers, you already know the peanuts and pretzels that airlines usually provide as a snack may be a choking hazard. Always be prepared with your own snacks.
Is there a non-stop flight available? If there is, that is going to be your best bet. The less moving around you have to do as a family, the better. If you have to change planes, plan some extra time for a meal or some fun airport sightseeing. You do not want to be dragging your car seat, the baby and your hyperactive five-year-old across Chicago OHare or DFW in a mad dash to make an ill-advised connection.

Choosing the Perfect Seat

There is a lot to be said for smart seat selection, and that also applies to travel with babies and older children. Get thee to a bulkhead seat, mom and dad! For the uninitiated, the much-coveted bulkhead seats are the ones in the first row of the economy class. Sit there with that hyperactive five-year-old, and you wont have to worry that little Timmy will kick the seat in front of him, because there is no seat in front of you. Another advantage to this seat is the close proximity to the restrooms and the front exits. Your children will not have the opportunity to whine and moan while waiting to get off the plane at the end of your flight.

If these seats have already been taken by another smart mom and dad or someone who wants more legroom, consider getting a seat at the back of the airplane. Especially on an uncrowded flight, your children may have a little more space in which to roam (within reason, of course.) Also, remember that if you are traveling with a child under 2, you can gamble a little with the price of his or her ticket. If you and your spouse reserve the window and aisle seats, there may be a chance the middle seat is not taken and you can put that car seat in the middle without buying a seat. On the other hand, if someone has purchased that seat, he will definitely switch with you. The downside to this is that if your child is left without a seat, you will have to contain him or her in your lap the entire timenot a good prospect for a long trip.
This Thing is an Airplane Seat, Too?

Ah, the dirty little secret of air travel with kids. It all seems so easy until you are faced with the prospect of taking your car seat out of your car, installing it on an unfamiliar airplane without preventing others from boarding, and lets not forget, reinstalling it in your car before you come home from the airport. Fun, huh? There are a couple of things that will make this ordeal seem a little easier.

Many airlines, including Continental Airlines, United Airlines and American Airlines, have child-friendly policies that may allow you to board before other passengers to give you time to get that thing installed properly. Unfortunately, if you reserve a seat for your child, even if she is under 2, you will have to pay anywhere from half to full price for the ticket. A small price for your childs safety, I say.

If your child is big enough for a booster seat in your car at home, you will not need a car seat in the air. Booster seats have actually been shown to pose quite a danger in the event of a plane crash.

What are the rules for airborne safety restraints?

Safety restraints are recommended but not required. Children under 2 are allowed to sit in the parents lap during the flight.
Your seat should specifically say approved for use in motor vehicles and aircraft.
If your child is under 20 pounds, he or she needs to ride rear-facing, the same as they do in your car.
Children from 20 to 40 pounds must ride forward-facing.
Children over 40 pounds should use the airplane seatbelt.

If you are a frequent air traveler, there are certain child safety seats you should consider. Some even come with a handle and wheels for easy airport rolling. Childrens specialty stores such as One Step Ahead carry these kinds of seats.

Of Special Concern

When traveling with infants, there is always a concern about feeding, especially if you are nursing. For maximum discretion while breastfeeding in the cabin, choose a seat near the window. (I think the views better anyway.) You may need to nurse frequently if the cabin pressure changes a lot. This will ease the discomfort on your babys eardrums.
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By: Glomy Mart

Steven Hall is founder of www.FlightPositive.com, a directory and guide to finding the best airline seat on over 250 airlines.

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